The research behind this profile

Crop Science · 2022Review of cool-season turfgrass water use and requirements: II. Responses to drought stress

Peer-reviewed review · more than 30 cool-season field experiments

Transfer limit. Heterogeneous experiments do not establish a universal drought ranking, irrigation amount, or schedule.

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Crop Science · 2021Minimum water requirements of cool-season turfgrasses for survival and recovery after prolonged drought

Two-summer field experiment · Kansas rainout shelters · tall fescue and Kentucky bluegrass

Transfer limit. One tall-fescue cultivar and one bluegrass blend within their first year after sodding. Imposed drought and recovery watering do not establish how long an unknown lawn can safely go without water.

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Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B · 2013Impact of returned clippings on turfgrass growth as affected by nitrogen fertilizer rate, time of return, and weather conditions

Five-year field trial · Estonia · red fescue and Kentucky bluegrass

Transfer limit. A research sward in Estonia. This is evidence against a fixed fertilizer credit, not a U.S. fertilizer recipe. The experiment did not measure runoff or leaching.

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HortScience · 2000Date of seeding affects establishment of cool-season turfgrasses

Two-year field experiments · Indiana · three cool-season species

Transfer limit. Indiana weather, older cultivars, and fertile soil. September is not an exact planting date for every location.

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International Turfgrass Society Research Journal · 2025Effects of cutting height and frequency on tall fescue and buffalograss

Two-year field study · Nebraska · lawn-height turf

Transfer limit. Spyder tall fescue and Sundancer buffalograss on irrigated university plots. Results do not establish one mowing height or interval for every species or climate.

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